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Last Updated: Nov 18, 2006 - 1:55:25 PM |
Latest Research
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Ophthalmology
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Retina
Master Proteins Dictate Retinal Differentiation Timetable
The embryonic construction of the vertebrate retina is a highly ordered affair. Following a precise timetable, six different specialized cell types emerge from a mass of identical, proliferating cells. The process of retinal cell differentiation, when so-called progenitor cells stop dividing and choose among the six fates, depends primarily on homeobox genes, major regulators of embryonic patterning. How these genes control the timing of retinal cell differentiation has remained an open question�until now.
Aug 16, 2006 - 8:41:00 AM
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ARMD
Yellow plant pigments lutein and zeaxanthin reduce risk of age-related macular degeneration
Women younger than age 75 years who eat diets rich in the yellow plant pigments lutein and zeaxanthin may have a reduced risk of developing the eye disease age-related macular degeneration, according to a report in the August issue of Archives of Ophthalmology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) occurs when the macula, the area at the back of the retina that produces the sharpest vision, deteriorates over time. The condition is the leading cause of blindness in aging Americans, according to background information in the article. There is no cure for AMD and limited treatment options are available to slow its progression, so research on preventive measures is essential. Previous studies have suggested a potential link between AMD and lutein and zeaxanthin, plant pigments known as carotenoids and found in leafy green vegetables, corn, egg yolks, squash, broccoli and peas. These compounds may reduce the risk of AMD by absorbing blue light that could damage the macula, by preventing free radicals from damaging eye cells and by strengthening eye cell membranes.
Aug 15, 2006 - 11:41:00 AM
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Objective way to diagnose diseases of colour perception
Pictures of brain waves that reveal our ability to see colour could provide a new objective way to diagnose and monitor diseases that affect human colour perception. The research finding by a Universiy of New South Wales PhD student, Ms Mei Ying Boon, has earned her a nomination in this year's Fresh Science Awards.
Aug 10, 2006 - 2:59:00 PM
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Antioxidants may slow retinal degeneration
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have successfully blocked the advance of retinal degeneration in mice with a form of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) by treating them with vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid and other antioxidant chemicals.
Jul 20, 2006 - 8:22:00 PM
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Hormone Therapy Does Not Affect Age-Related Vision Loss
Postmenopausal hormone therapy does not appear to increase or decrease the overall risk of AMD among women, although combination hormones may slightly reduce the chances of developing certain risk factors or types of the condition, according to a report in the July issue of the Archives of Ophthalmology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Jul 12, 2006 - 5:59:00 AM
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Eating Fish Protects Against Macular Degeneration
In a study, Brian Chua, B.Sc., M.B.B.S., M.P.H., Westmead Millennium Institute and Vision Co-operative Research Centre, Syndney, Australia, and colleagues examined the association between dietary fat intake and AMD risk in 2,895 Australians age 49 years or older, beginning in 1992-1994. At the beginning of the study and again five years later, participants had a comprehensive eye exam that included photographs of the retina. They also filled out a questionnaire with data about food types and portion sizes consumed, including specific information about margarines, butters, oils and supplements.
Jul 12, 2006 - 5:53:00 AM
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Research Highlights Risk Factors For Age-Related Vision Loss
Eating fish frequently may be associated with decreased chances of developing age-related macular degeneration, while smoking nearly doubles the risk for this common cause of vision loss and hormone therapy appears to have no effect, according to three articles in the July issue of the Archives of Ophthalmology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Jul 12, 2006 - 5:50:00 AM
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FDA approves ranibizumab for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved Lucentis (ranibizumab injection) for the treatment of patients with neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lucentis is the first treatment which, when dosed monthly, can maintain the vision of more than 90 percent of patients with this type of AMD.
Jul 6, 2006 - 2:23:00 AM
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High Body Mass Index Increase the Genetic Risk of AMD
Current cigarette smoking was associated with a fivefold increased risk and high BMI (30 or higher) was associated with a twofold higher risk of AMD. The homozygous risk genotype (CC) plus smoking conferred a tenfold higher risk of AMD, compared with non-smokers with the non-risk (TT) genotype, while the risk genotype plus higher BMI increased risk of AMD almost sixfold. Gene plus environment risk scores provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.70-0.75. The attributable risks for the combination of genes and environment were 69% to 73%.
Jul 1, 2006 - 5:41:00 PM
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Ranibizumab Approved for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Lucentis (ranibizumab injection) for the treatment of patients with neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lucentis is the first treatment which, when dosed monthly, can maintain the vision of more than 90 percent of patients with this type of AMD. Lucentis is a new molecular entity (NME), meaning it contains an active substance that has never before been approved for marketing in any form in the United States. Lucentis will be the first FDA--approved product to provide prescription information in the new format for prescription drug package inserts, to provide professionals and consumers clear and concise prescription information.
Jul 1, 2006 - 4:41:00 PM
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First look at the 'birth' of a retina cell
Scientists at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center have gained new insight into the way an embryonic retina cell develops and then commits itself to a specific role. They have observed a small window of opportunity during which a cell has been designated to play a particular role, but has not yet begun to function as such.
May 7, 2006 - 3:25:00 PM
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New genetic discovery explains 74 percent cases of age-related macular degeneration
A new study, led by researchers at Columbia University Medical Center, pinpoints the role that two genes � Factor H and Factor B � play in the development of nearly three out of four cases of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a devastating eye disease that affects more than 10 million people in the United States. Findings indicate that 74 percent of AMD patients carry certain variants in one or both genes that significantly increase their risk of this disease.
Mar 6, 2006 - 5:31:00 PM
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Just two genes, Factor H and Factor B, cause blindness in millions
Just two genes cause blindness in millions of older people across the globe, a discovery that scientists say could aid the development of new treatments for the condition.
Mar 6, 2006 - 4:56:00 PM
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Marijuana for Diabetic retinopathy ?
Scientists have discovered a compound in marijuana that could protect against eye damage in diabetics.
Feb 28, 2006 - 9:26:00 PM
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Controlling SPARC levels key to controlling angiogenesis in macular degeneration
For the second time in a week Dr. Jayakrishna Ambati, UK HealthCare physician and associate professor and vice chair of the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, announced a discovery from his lab that will affect the future of macular degeneration treatment and research.
Feb 3, 2006 - 4:08:00 PM
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Making new blood vessels: keeping the lines of sight open
The creation of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, is a process used to supply oxygen and nutrients at sites of tissue injury. Angiogenesis is known to be stimulated during hypoxia (low oxygen conditions, when new vessels are needed). However, the mechanisms by which hypoxia leads to new vessel formation is poorly understood.
Jan 20, 2006 - 1:56:00 PM
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Antioxidants reduce risk of age-related macular degeneration
A diet with a high intake of beta carotene, vitamins C and E, and zinc is associated with a substantially reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration in elderly persons, according to a study in the December 28 issue of JAMA. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disorder of the macula, the central part of the retina, and is the most common cause of irreversible blindness in developed countries, according to background information in the article. Late-stage AMD results in an inability to read, recognize faces, drive, or move freely. The prevalence of late AMD steeply increases with age, affecting 11.5 percent of white persons older than 80 years. In the absence of effective treatment for AMD, the number of patients severely disabled by late-stage AMD is expected to increase in the next 20 years by more than 50 percent to 3 million in the United States alone. Epidemiological studies evaluating both dietary intake and serum levels of antioxidant vitamins and AMD have provided conflicting results. One study (called AREDS) showed that supplements containing 5 to 13 times the recommended daily allowance of beta carotene, vitamins C and E, and zinc given to participants with early or single eye late AMD resulted in a 25 percent reduction in the 5-year progression to late AMD.
Dec 28, 2005 - 6:23:00 PM
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Successful tests of new treatments for Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA)
A team led by Krzysztof Palczewski, Ph.D., chair of pharmacology at the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, has taken the first steps in treating an eye disease causing irreversible congenital blindness in millions of people worldwide by successfully testing two new treatments in mice.
Nov 2, 2005 - 11:21:00 AM
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Ophthalmology
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First-ever Images of Living Human Retinas Sprung a Surprise
First-ever images of living human retinas have yielded a surprise about how we perceive our world. Researchers at the University of Rochester have found that the number of color-sensitive cones in the human retina differs dramatically among people�by up to 40 times�yet people appear to perceive colors the same way. The findings, on the cover of this week's journal Neuroscience, strongly suggest that our perception of color is controlled much more by our brains than by our eyes.
Oct 27, 2005 - 12:32:00 AM
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VISION - VEGF Inhibition Study in Ocular Neovascularization Exploratory Analysis
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in older patients in the developed world. Vascular endothelial growth factor is one of the key mediators stimulating the abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage characteristic of the exudative (wet) form of the condition. Pegaptanib sodium (Macugen) is a new treatment for exudative AMD, and has been shown to stabilize vision in approximately 70 percent of cases.
Oct 8, 2005 - 5:57:00 AM
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Potential role of amyloid-beta in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of blindness in patients over the age of 60. In these AMD patients, choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the most common cause of visual loss.
Sep 27, 2005 - 1:21:00 AM
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FDA Approval to be filed for Ranibizumab as Treatment of Wet ARMD
Genentech, Inc. (NYSE: DNA) announced today plans to file a complete Biologics License Application (BLA) for the investigational drug Lucentis� (ranibizumab) in December 2005. In addition, the company announced that it is in discussion with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding plans to initiate a Phase IIIb clinical study of Lucentis for patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The study is anticipated to begin before the end of 2005. One-year Phase III data from the MARINA study presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Retina Specialists in July showed Lucentis improved vision in patients with wet AMD.
Sep 9, 2005 - 5:25:00 PM
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Smoking and Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Smoking greatly increases your chance of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which leads to severe and irreversible sight-loss, according to an article published in the Royal College of Ophthalmologist's journal Eye this week (published online 7th September 2005).
Sep 7, 2005 - 6:06:00 PM
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Cogan Award to macular degeneration scientist
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) announced today that Joshua L. Dunaief, MD, PhD, has been selected to receive the 2006 Cogan Award during ARVO's Annual Meeting to be held in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., in May 2006.
Sep 1, 2005 - 1:23:00 AM
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Age-related maculopathy (ARM) gene discovered
University of Pittsburgh researchers have discovered a gene linked to age-related maculopathy (ARM), the leading cause of untreatable blindness in the elderly. Their discovery suggests a simple test might be able to identify those at risk for what is commonly known as macular degeneration (AMD) and may lead to the development of more effective preventive strategies.
Aug 17, 2005 - 1:54:00 AM
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Role of melanin in preventing macular degeneration
Two studies from an unusual research partnership at the University of Chicago appear to have resolved a long-standing dispute about the role of melanin in the eye. The studies, one published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) and one early online in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS), also suggest a new way to prevent a common cause of blindness.
Jul 30, 2005 - 1:49:00 AM
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Chromosome region for macular degeneration pinpointed
Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness in older adults, yet researchers are still in the dark about many of the factors that cause this incurable disease.
Jul 27, 2005 - 1:43:00 AM
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Eye Saver Easy Reading Light Bulb useful in macular degeneration
For years, there has been much research and development to improve poor eyesight, including the use of scratch-resistant and radiation-blocking lenses. Now, a revolutionary product for eye correction focuses specifically on the needs of those in working environments, called the Eye Saver Easy Reading Light Bulb.
Jul 27, 2005 - 1:39:00 AM
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ARMD
FDA Approves Anecortave Acetate Suspension for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Alcon, Inc. (NYSE:ACL) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued an approvable letter for its New Drug Application (NDA) for RETAANE(R) 15 mg (anecortave acetate suspension). RETAANE(R) suspension is an investigational treatment for preserving the vision of patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
May 25, 2005 - 11:05:00 AM
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Variation in immune response gene causes age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, occurs when a common inherited gene variation is triggered, possibly by an infection, according to a new study led by researchers at Columbia University Medical Center and the University of Iowa, with an international research team.
Apr 30, 2005 - 1:26:00 AM
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Health  |
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Inaugural IOF Olof Johnell Science Award presented to Professor Harry Genant
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